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   1791 . : , , , , , , ( .1). , - .

 

.1.

 

 

 

 

    1799                .1.               . ,   . .  , .   ( .2). 20 1800 . . , , .      .                                                                                                                               

 

 

 

.2.

 

 

 

  . 3. H2SO4 . . , . , .

 

   1. . , .    - . ( .3).

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. , . ,   , ,   . , ( .3).             

 

 

 

 

 

    .3.

 

, ,         . .. .

2. . 

   . Zn -, + - ( .4).                                                                                                                                      

  . ?

 

                                                                                                                                             

 

 

 

 .4.

 

  . ,   .                                                                                                             

 

  . , ?  

  . ,   , .